How Computer Works

How Computer Works:

Today we use Computer having different types of properties and can perform millions of tasks in seconds. This is only possible due to complex architecture and reason behind how computer works. There are different types of hardware components assembled to make a single computer system. The major hardware and software responsible for working nature of Computers are illustrated below.

  

      CPU (Central Processing Unit)

This hardware is called as the Brain of Computers. The CPU does the active "running" of code, manipulating data, while the other components have a more passive role, such as storing data. The computer does its primary work in a part of the machine, a control centre that converts data input to information output. This control centre called the central processing unit (CPU), is a highly complex, extensive set of electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions.

     Main Memory (RAM)

RAM is the working memory the computer users to store code and data. RAM is effectively a large storage space of "bytes" under the control of the CPU. RAM is relatively fast, able to retrieve the value of any particular byte in a few nanoseconds. RAM has been wiped clean, leaving you only with what you last saved to disk (below).  

c    Input Devices 

      The keyboard and mouse are just input units—ways of getting information into your computer that it can process. If you use a microphone and voice recognition software, that's another form of input.

d.      Output Devices

e.      Secondary Storage

f.    Operating System

An Operating system (OS) is software that allows a user to run other applications on a computing device. While it is possible for a software application to interface directly with hardware, the vast majority of applications are written for an OS, which allows them to take advantage of common libraries and not worry about specific hardware details. An operating system is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Without a computer operating system, a computer and software programs would be useless. Example – Windows, Linux, etc.

Simple Steps to know how computer works

First of all, provide input when you turn on the computer. Then system software tells the CPU to start certain program and to turn on some hardware devices so that they are ready for more input from you. The whole process is called booting up. The next step will be when you choose a program you want to use. You click on the icon or enter a command to start the program. Let us take an example of an Internet browser. Once the program has started, it is ready for your instructions. You either enter an address (called a URL, which stands for Uniform Resource Locator), or click on an address you've saved already. In both case, computer knows what you want it to do. The browser software then goes out to find that address, starting up other hardware devices, such as a modem, when it needs them.

If it is able to find the correct address, browser will then tell your computer to send the information from the web page over the phone wire to your computer. Eventually, you see the web site you were looking for. If you decide to print the page, you click on the printer icon. Again, you have provided input to tell the computer what to do. The browser software determines whether you have a printer attached to your computer and whether it is turned on or not. It may remind you to turn on the printer and send information about the web page from your computer over the cable to the printer, where it is printed out successfully. 

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